Explainers

We can’t make progress on sustainable development if we don’t understand it. Research papers and textbooks don’t always speak in plain language, which makes it hard to learn about the nuances of environmental negotiations or get clarity on what counts as a fossil fuel subsidy. IISD experts are here to help with accessible explainers on tricky topics. 

Highlights

Greening the Dry Environment

Cities in drylands regions can successfully implement nature-based solutions to help communities adapt to climate change.

Explainer

June 22, 2026

Bonn Climate Talks 2026: What to expect after Santa Marta

With UN climate talks starting in Bonn soon, the shift to implementation is being felt, especially in the transition away from fossil fuels.

Explainer

May 29, 2026

Linking Health and Climate Action

Experts recommend five pillars for countries and the 31st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 31) to use to link their climate and health agendas.

Explainer

May 14, 2026

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Mark Halle talks tough politics of subsidy reform

Twenty years ago, Mark Halle and his team launched the Global Subsidies Initiative to help governments reform harmful government support measures. In a new interview, Mark explains what has changed and how countries can advance subsidy reform.
Explainer September 8, 2025

What Makes Today’s Debt Crisis So Pernicious?

Anahí Wiedenbrüg and Yanne Horas discuss the causes of current debt vulnerabilities and present their latest report, the Debt for Resilience initiative, which charts a path toward sustained economic recovery and resilience for debt-distressed countries.
Explainer May 7, 2025

How Can Research and Data Drive Sustainable and Gender-Inclusive Fishing

As fish stocks decline and pressure on marine ecosystems grows, fisheries worldwide must adopt more sustainable and inclusive practices. The Natur'ELLES project implemented along the coast of Senegal demonstrates how research and data can make the case for sustainable fishing in mangrove forests.
Explainer April 9, 2025