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Why tax expenditure reporting is a missing link in financing for development

One year after FfD4, the Coalition on Tax Expenditure Reform calls on G7 and G20 to set minimum standards for the USD 4 trillion governments forgo annually through tax expenditures.

Insight April 17, 2026

International Public Finance Explained

Public finance institutions play an outsized role in shaping the energy system by providing government-backed, low-risk finance. This analysis explains how much international public finance is provided by G20 countries and how it has shifted over time.

Explainer April 16, 2026

Capital Expenditures From State-Owned Enterprises Explained

G20 energy state-owned enterprises are major players in the energy sector. Explore what these national companies are, where their capital expenditure flows, and how this impacts the energy landscape.

Explainer April 16, 2026

G20 Government Financial Support for Renewable Energy Explained

G20 government financial support can reduce barriers to building and integrating renewable energy projects. In this analysis, experts explain what financial support for renewables includes, where funds go, and how this has changed over time.

Explainer April 16, 2026

Fossil Fuel Subsidies Explained

What are fossil fuel subsidies? From tax breaks to budget transfers, these measures can take many forms, yet while they may differ in design the effect is the same: fossil fuels are often priced below their real costs.

Explainer April 16, 2026

Ana Elizabeth Bastida

Person April 16, 2026

Unpacking National Investment Laws

This report explores how national investment laws regulate dispute settlement and suggests how to reform them to align with sustainable development and 21st-century policy objectives.

Report April 16, 2026

Mangrove Restoration

Eight measures mangrove restoration projects can integrate to prevent harm to ecosystems and communities.

Brief April 16, 2026

Public Financial Support for Energy

Public financial flows influence the global energy landscape, shaping investment decisions by producers and consumer choices. In this project, IISD analyzes public financial support for both fossil fuels and clean energy as well as their socio-economic and climate effects.

Project April 15, 2026

Nickel Mining in Ontario, Canada

This case study describes environmental and associated social issues from nickel mining and processing in Ontario, Canada, and examines policy measures for managing them.

Report April 15, 2026

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