India's State-Owned Energy Enterprises, 2020-2050
Identifying evidence-based diversification strategies
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Three of India’s biggest central state-owned enterprises—Coal India Limited (CIL), NTPC, and Indian Railways—can help the country reach its climate goals while seizing a share of the clean energy market and mitigating an estimated 22%–28% cash flow gap by 2050.
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Our evidence-based approach shows how state-owned companies can be part of India’s clean energy future while bringing revenues to the government, creating jobs, and supporting local communities.
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Seven out of 10 largest state-owned firms in India are from the energy sector. They will play a key role in helping India become net-zero while diversifying their businesses and avoiding potential revenue gaps.
This study uses PSUs in the coal sector to show how energy businesses can identify their future uncertainties while also finding opportunities in the changing energy system. Taking a few concrete measures in the next few years to diversify their businesses can allow these firms—and other similar PSUs in India—to alleviate future uncertainty and avoid potential revenue gaps.
The companies can follow these six steps to ensure they are part of India’s clean energy future:
- Create a net-zero roadmap with interim targets, which can become a guide for future decisions.
- Develop in-house estimates on transition business risks.
- Identify new clean energy business opportunities and become early adopters of clean energy technologies.
- Set clean energy targets in proportion to anticipated change and periodically increase the ambition of these targets.
- Build strategic partnerships with other PSUs to share expertise and invest in research and development to build internal capacity in new and emerging clean energy technologies.
- Make ambitions for the transition public to send positive market signals.
The report encourages all state-owned energy enterprises to use an evidence-based approach to produce their own detailed internal assessments and a strategy for transition into a clean energy business.
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