Energy Transition in Southeast Asia
Research and policy analysis on energy transitions in Southeast Asia, with a focus on carbon pricing, sustainable transport, and government support for energy in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam.
Southeast Asia is uniquely vulnerable to climate change due to the region’s geography and low-lying coastlines; it also stands at the heart of Asia’s rapid development. This context provides countries with a critical opportunity to support economic growth while reducing emissions and addressing climate change.
Indonesia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam have each committed to reducing emissions in their nationally determined contributions. Establishing economic frameworks that incentivize these emission reductions and ensure infrastructure, including transport and power systems, supports the energy transition can play a crucial role in enabling countries to achieve their climate goals, generate revenue, adopt cleaner technologies, and promote an equitable transition to a prosperous, low-carbon economy.
Working with governments, industry, workers’ groups, local communities, traditionally marginalized groups, women’s groups, and other relevant stakeholders, the International Institute for Sustainable Development’s work in Southeast Asia aims to provide research and analysis to advance the development of energy policies that reduce emissions and strengthen social protection.
Indonesia’s energy transition presents important opportunities—and complex choices. IISD's work contributes evidence-based insights that can help shape fair, practical, and forward-looking policies.
Latest Work
Carbon Market Insights: Volume 1, Issue 1
A semi-annual report delivering practical, data-driven analysis on carbon markets in Southeast Asia, with a focus on Indonesia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam.
Why Carbon Pricing Remains Politically Difficult
Carbon pricing is widely considered one of the most efficient tools for reducing emissions—yet global experience reveals a persistent gap between its theoretical promise and the political realities of implementation.
Implementing Carbon Pricing in Southeast Asia
Overview of carbon pricing progress in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam as they explore carbon markets to reduce emissions.
Canadian Carbon Pricing Systems: 2025 Review
Southeast Asia is building momentum on carbon pricing. This report reviews Canada’s industrial systems and highlights lessons for policy design.
Redefining the Just Energy Transition in Southeast Asia
How carbon pricing, subsidy reform, and electric mobility could shape a fair energy transition across Southeast Asia.
Indonesia’s Energy Support Measures
In 2024, Indonesia spent IDR 713.5 trillion on energy subsidies, with nearly 90% of that supporting fossil fuels.