This report is an analysis of international public finance for natural gas expansion in the Global South, the economic and environmental costs, and clean alternatives.

This report considers options for subsidy targeting in India by using a survey of over 900 households to analyze the distribution of LPG subsidies in the state of Jharkhand.

This report lays out concrete options for governments to achieve net-zero and sustainable development goals by using recovery spending to support the transition to clean energy and a resilient, fossil-free economy.

This report brings together data on the state of electricity subsidies in India, covering all states and union territories.

Who benefits most from residential electricity subsidies in Jharkhand? We find a low share of benefits going to the poorest and recommend different strategies for state authorities to improve subsidy distribution.

How have India’s energy subsidy policies changed? What have been the most significant developments in India’s dynamic energy policy environment? And is public support aligned with India’s desired energy future?

The report examines from a gender perspective the impact of kerosene subsidies and their reform in Bangladesh. The report advocates that kerosene subsidy reform needs to be handled with care.

This report identifies knowledge gaps that are limiting policy making for better targeting of energy access subsidies in India. It identifies a number of targeting interventions that could be employed to better target subsidies for electricity and LPG.

The report examines the impacts of India’s subsidies to cooking gas—and their reform—from a gender perspective. It explores how liquified petroleum gas (LPG) subsidy policies and their reform affect women and girls in low-income households.

A “subsidy swap”—reallocating some of the savings from fossil fuel subsidy reform to fund the clean energy transition—can bring in economic, social and environmental benefits.