In March 2026, Prime Ministers Mark Carney and Narendra Modi formally relaunched negotiations in New Delhi for a modernised investment chapter to replace the terminated Canada-India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA). The framework prioritises critical minerals and uranium supply—anchored by a CAD 2.6 billion long‑term uranium supply agreement—and explicitly affirms the state’s right to regulate for climate and social‑equity objectives. The negotiating framework embeds environmental carve‑outs and targets a USD 50 billion bilateral trade goal by 2030, aligning investment protection with green‑industrial policy and Indo‑Pacific supply‑chain resilience. This shift moves both states away from “first‑generation” treaties that exposed governments to broad investor claims. If finalised, the CEPA investment chapter could serve as a model for integrating climate‑aligned regulatory space into modern investment agreements.