Amicus Curiae Submission to the WTO on DS412: Canada: Certain measures affecting the renewable energy generation sector (PDF - 884 KB)
This "friends of the court" brief, prepared by IISD with two other Canadian non-governmental organizations, was submitted to the World Trade Organization panel in the dispute brought by Japan against the Canadian Province of Ontario's policies to promote renewable energy. While this brief does not take a position on the legality of those policies, it argues strongly that if they are found to be subsidies, they should be afforded the same environmental exceptions that are available to measures affecting trade in goods-the GATT Article XX exceptions.
New TRI-CC Policy Briefs


This pair of TRI-CC Policy Briefs, Border Carbon Adjustments: What Risk for South African Exporters and Exposure of Chinese Exports to Potential Border Carbon Adjustments, based on more in-depth analyses, starts with a hypothetical border carbon adjustment regime and applies it to the exports of South Africa and China, estimating the cost impacts for both countries if border carbon adjustments (BCAs) were to be adopted by the U.S. or the EU. They find significant impacts in a small number of sectors, although final impacts depend heavily on regime design details.
TRI–CC Conference: Searching for Progress in Key Areas
October 13, 2011, Geneva, WTO Headquarters. This one-day event covered new research and thinking on green industrial policy, competitiveness and leakage, and the potential role of the trade community. All conference documents (complete with video links) can be downloaded here.
Since 1999, the IISD has explored the linkages between trade, investment and climate change. Our work continues to focus on defining areas of linkage: identifying ways in which trade and investment policies might support the objectives of addressing climate change and identifying areas of potential conflict among the regimes.
IISD’s current work focuses on the issues of competitiveness and leakage; investment; and green industrial policy (including subsidies for green technologies). That work, carried out under the umbrella of IISD’s TRI–CC (Trade, Investment and Climate Change) Project, is supported by the governments of Norway and Sweden, and by the MISTRA Foundation’s ENTWINED Program.
IISD’s rich body of research and policy recommendations to date can be grouped into six key areas:
This research, sparked by the groundbreaking trade ministerial meeting on the margins of 2007 UNFCCC COP 13 in Indonesia, provides a solid platform for informed policy-making on both climate change and trade policy.
TRI–CC (Trade, Investment and Climate Change) Project
IISD’s current suite of work on trade, investment and climate change focuses on three broad areas: competitiveness and leakage; investment; and green industrial policy (including subsidies for green technologies).
Bali to Copenhagen Project
A two-year program of research, analysis and networking on the issues of trade and climate change, covering border carbon adjustment, subsidies, investment, intellectual property rights and liberalization of low-carbon goods and services.
Trade and Climate Change Matrix
A user-friendly directory that covers the major issues at the intersection of trade and climate change. Each section contains a brief overview, an outline of key issues, its relationship to WTO Agreements and further suggested readings.
Copenhagen Meeting on Trade and Climate Change
Extensive background and summary materials from a June 2008 meeting in Copenhagen, designed to further the understanding of trade and climate change linkages.
Bali Trade Ministerial on Trade and Climate Change
Materials from the pioneering Bali meeting of trade ministers on the margins of UNFCCC's COP-13 in December 2007.
Outside Trade and Climate Change Work
A collection of various publications released outside of IISD, and therefore not available in the IISD Publications Database.
For more information on IISD's work in this area, please contact Aaron Cosbey.