On March 6, 2026, President Nasry Asfura signed the ICSID Convention on behalf of Honduras, reversing the country’s 2024 withdrawal by the previous administration. The government frames re-accession as a measure to restore “legal security” and attract investment for infrastructure and energy projects. However, civil society, Indigenous, and human rights organisations oppose the move, warning that the system prioritises transnational capital over collective rights and territorial sovereignty. Critics point to Honduras’s existing exposure to significant ISDS litigation, most notably the USD 10.8 billion Próspera ZEDE dispute over the repeal of charter‑city legislation. Re‑accession illustrates the dilemma facing high‑debt, lower‑income states: the political pressure to appear “investor‑friendly” often conflicts with long‑term fiscal sustainability. By re‑entering the ICSID system, Honduras increases its exposure to massive claims, raising fundamental questions about whether the perceived benefits of ICSID membership outweigh the financial and regulatory costs.