{"id":11772,"date":"2017-12-21T08:44:13","date_gmt":"2017-12-21T07:44:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/172.30.141.17\/2017\/12\/21\/alena-2-0-les-cycles-de-negociation-entre-le-canada-les-etats-unis-et-le-mexique-se-poursuivront-lors-du-premier-trimestre-2018\/"},"modified":"2024-08-16T20:12:06","modified_gmt":"2024-08-16T18:12:06","slug":"alena-2-0-les-cycles-de-negociation-entre-le-canada-les-etats-unis-et-le-mexique-se-poursuivront-lors-du-premier-trimestre-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/2017\/12\/21\/alena-2-0-les-cycles-de-negociation-entre-le-canada-les-etats-unis-et-le-mexique-se-poursuivront-lors-du-premier-trimestre-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"ALENA 2.0 : les cycles de n\u00e9gociation entre le Canada, les \u00c9tats-Unis et le Mexique se poursuivront lors du premier trimestre 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les trois parties \u00e0 l\u2019Accord de libre-\u00e9change nord-am\u00e9ricain (<span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips22'>ALENA<\/span>) ont tenu leurs troisi\u00e8me, quatri\u00e8me et cinqui\u00e8me cycles de ren\u00e9gociation (<a href=\"https:\/\/ustr.gov\/about-us\/policy-offices\/press-office\/press-releases\/2017\/september\/trilateral-statement-conclusion-1\">Ottawa, 23-27 septembre 23\u201327<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/ustr.gov\/about-us\/policy-offices\/press-office\/press-releases\/2017\/october\/trilateral-statement-conclusion\">Arlington, 11-17 octobre 11\u201317<\/a> ; et <a href=\"https:\/\/ustr.gov\/about-us\/policy-offices\/press-office\/press-releases\/2017\/november\/trilateral-statement-conclusion\">Mexico, 17-21 novembre<\/a>). Le prochain cycle de ren\u00e9gociation de l\u2019ALENA se tiendra du 23 au 28 janvier 2018 \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2017\/11\/21\/nafta-nations-lock-horns-on-us-auto-demands-as-fifth-round-ends.html\">Les n\u00e9gociations devraient se poursuivre<\/a> jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin mars 2018, avant les \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles mexicaines de juillet 2018.<\/p>\n<p>Le 17 novembre 2017, le repr\u00e9sentant \u00e9tasunien pour le commerce (USTR) a \u00e9mis une <a href=\"https:\/\/ustr.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/Press\/Releases\/Nov%20Objectives%20Update.pdf\">version r\u00e9vis\u00e9e<\/a> des objectifs de n\u00e9gociation de l\u2019ALENA, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/2017\/09\/26\/canada-mexico-and-united-states-hold-first-and-second-rounds-of-nafta-renegotiation\/\">originalement publi\u00e9e en juillet<\/a>. La r\u00e9vision \u00e9largit consid\u00e9rablement les objectifs de n\u00e9gociation des \u00c9tats-Unis en mati\u00e8re d\u2019investissement.<\/p>\n<p>Le document r\u00e9vis\u00e9 pr\u00e9cise que l\u2019objectif de \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9duire ou d\u2019\u00e9liminer les obstacles \u00e0 l\u2019investissement des \u00c9tats-Unis dans tous les secteurs\u00a0\u00bb inclut les r\u00e8gles telles que le traitement national et le traitement de la Nation la plus favoris\u00e9e, une norme minimale de traitement au titre du droit international coutumier, et les interdictions d\u2019exporter, d\u2019appliquer des restrictions aux transferts et des obligations de performance.<\/p>\n<p>S\u2019agissant du r\u00e8glement des diff\u00e9rends investisseur-\u00c9tat (<span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips57'>RDIE<\/span>), les objectifs r\u00e9vis\u00e9s visent \u00e0 garantir l\u2019impartialit\u00e9 et l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance des arbitres, l\u2019examen et le rejet rapides des recours abusifs, et l\u2019exactitude et la coh\u00e9rence des interpr\u00e9tations des r\u00e8gles de l\u2019investissement. L\u2019USTR souhaite \u00e9galement garantir des audiences publiques, la publication rapide des principaux documents et un m\u00e9canisme permettant les soumissions en tant qu\u2019amicus curiae.<\/p>\n<p>Les \u00c9tats-Unis <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2017-10-14\/u-s-is-said-to-propose-gutting-nafta-legal-dispute-tribunals\">continueraient<\/a> de proposer un <a href=\"http:\/\/www.foxbusiness.com\/features\/2017\/08\/22\/u-s-bid-to-exit-nafta-arbitration-panels-draws-ire-from-businesses.html\">syst\u00e8me d\u2019adoption volontaire<\/a> pour le RDIE qui permettrait \u00e0 chaque \u00c9tat partie \u00e0 l\u2019ALENA de d\u00e9cider d\u2019y prendre part ou non. Sur ce point, le ministre mexicain \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9conomie, Ildefonso Guajardo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-trade-nafta-guajardo\/mexico-economy-minister-says-u-s-nafta-autos-proposal-not-viable-idUKKBN1DT38Q\">a d\u00e9clar\u00e9\u00a0<\/a>: \u00ab\u00a0Nous examinerons le syst\u00e8me d\u2019adoption volontaire tant que nous pouvons d\u00e9finir notre propre syst\u00e8me\u00a0\u00bb, et a ajout\u00e9 que, dans le cas contraire, le Mexique n\u2019\u00e9tait pas int\u00e9ress\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Quant \u00e0 lui, le <a href=\"https:\/\/canadians.org\/blog\/trudeaus-proposed-nafta-chapter-11-reform-not-real-change\">Canada ferait<\/a> pression pour remplacer les dispositions du chapitre 11 sur le RDIE par un Syst\u00e8me de tribunal d\u2019investissement (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/iisd-itn-november-2015-francais_0.pdf\"><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips114'>STI<\/span>)<\/a>, similaire \u00e0 celui inclus dans l\u2019Accord \u00e9conomique et commercial global (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/iisd-itn-decembre-2016-francais.pdf\"><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips47'>AECG<\/span><\/a>) entre le Canada et l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne. Le STI propos\u00e9 serait compos\u00e9 d\u2019un tribunal de premi\u00e8re instance et d\u2019une cour d\u2019appel.<\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips19','North American Free Trade Agreement'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips22','Accord de libre-\u00e9change nord-am\u00e9ricain'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips32','International Institute for Sustainable Development<!--more-->'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips33','Institut international du d\u00e9veloppement durable'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips34','Instituto Internacional para el Desarrollo Sostenible'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips47','Accord \u00e9conomique et commercial global'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips48','Acuerdo Econ\u00f3mico y Comercial Global'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips57','r\u00e8glement des diff\u00e9rends investisseur-\u00c9tat'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips60','Investment Treaty News'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips63','Bilateral investment treaty'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips67','Energy Charter Treaty'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips70','free trade agreement'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips76','multilateral investment court'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips85','Organisation internationale du travail'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips86','Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial del Trabajo'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips100','investissement direct \u00e9tranger'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips106','asociaci\u00f3n p\u00fablica-privada'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips114','Sistema de Tribunales de Inversiones'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips116','European Commission'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips117','European Union'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips118','Union europ\u00e9enne'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips119','Uni\u00f3n Europea'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les trois parties \u00e0 l\u2019Accord de libre-\u00e9change nord-am\u00e9ricain (<span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips22'>ALENA<\/span>) ont tenu leurs troisi\u00e8me, quatri\u00e8me et cinqui\u00e8me cycles de ren\u00e9gociation (Ottawa, 23-27 septembre 23\u201327 ; Arlington, 11-17 octobre 11\u201317 ; et Mexico, 17-21 novembre). Le prochain cycle de ren\u00e9gociation de l\u2019ALENA se tiendra du 23 au 28 janvier 2018 \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al.<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips22','Accord de libre-\u00e9change nord-am\u00e9ricain'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips117','European Union'); <\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15869,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1258],"tags":[2219,2221,2347,2377,2431,2453,2605],"class_list":["post-11772","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-canada-fr","tag-ceta-fr","tag-investment-court-system-ics-fr","tag-investor-state-dispute-settlement-isds-fr","tag-mexico-fr","tag-nafta-fr","tag-united-states-us-usa-fr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11772","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11772"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11772\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15869"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11772"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11772"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/itn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11772"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}