The Cato Institute's Center for Trade Policy Studies has taken aim at US government policies toward its dairy industry. A policy briefing, "Milking the Customer: The High Cost of U.S. Dairy Policies", says that the complex array of price supports, dairy market loss payments, federal and state marketing orders, classified pricing, and export subsidies, costs tax-payers some US$ 4 billion a year, provides over 40% of dairy farmers' incomes and depresses world prices. Sallie James, who authored the paper, notes that there is an opportunity to reform dairy policy in the US without shocking the industry, with world prices unusually high and Congress set to draft a new farm bill.