Despite their vital role in global food security and production on lands otherwise unsuitable to agriculture, pastoral communities around the world are in a persistent state of crisis.
Their customary rangelands and migration routes are shrinking due to expanding cultivation and less permeable international borders. Their herds are threatened by drought and disease. The influx of guns has made traditional raids more deadly. In many countries, pastoral communities remain among the most politically and economically marginalized in society, leaving them susceptible to radicalization and recruitment by insurgent groups.
Since 2004, IISD's research has focused on understanding the links between migratory pastoral communities and conflict, and identifying the ways in which violence can be prevented or mitigated.
The Impact of Water Conflicts on Pastoral Livelihoods: The Case of Wajir District in Kenya (PDF - 265 kb)» Eileen Omosa, 2005 This report by analyzes the impact of water conflicts on the livelihoods of pastoral communities in the Wajir District of Northern Kenya.
Pastoral Livelihoods and Conflict Prevention: A Tipsheet for Development Programming (SDC) (PDF - 60 kb)» Michele Nori, Alec Crawford and Jason Switzer, 2005 A tipsheet that provides recommendations for development practitioners seeking to address violent conflict between pastoral communities and other land users.
Herding on the Brink: Towards a Global Survey of Pastoral Communities and Conflict (PDF - 175 kb)» Michele Nori, Jason Switzer and Alec Crawford, 2005 An overview of the links between pastoralism and conflict. The paper describes some of the threats pastoral communities face and suggests ways that conflicts can be prevented.
Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment of a Pastoral Sector Support Program in Niger - French Only - (SDC) (PDF - 4.7 mb)» Peter Hislaire, Francoise de Morsier Heierli and Jason Switzer, 2002 Using a livelihoods model, this study reviews the peace and conflict impacts of a pastoral support program established by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation in Niger. The program sought to diminish conflict between herders and farmers through interest-based negotiation and development projects (e.g., health, education) that offered benefits to both communities.