
Conservation activities can contribute to, be affected by, and help resolve conflict.
Understanding and addressing the links between conservation and conflict can strengthen efforts to preserve ecosystems, enhance livelihoods and build peace.
Oli's Blog
Check out Oli Brown's blog during his field work in Africa this month.
"The Albertine rift, where Virunga National Park lies, covers the eastern border of DRC, and western areas of Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Tanzania. It is home to some of the most remarkable biodiversity in the world: in the 1980s it was estimated to support the largest biomass of mammals per square kilometre on the planet. The area is also rich in minerals, such as gold, tantalum and copper (DRC alone has one tenth of the world's supply). And recently oil has been found on the Uganda-DRC border."
Many of the world's high priority biodiversity hotspots are located in socially and politically unstable settings. As practitioners on the frontlines of environmental management, conservationists working in these areas are faced with conflict issues in a number of ways. For example, conservation activities can:
create tensions and conflict;
be affected by armed conflict and its legacies;
provide a basis for cooperation and peace-building in conflict-prone settings; and
be included in sustainable post-conflict reconstruction strategies
The links between conservation and conflict are complex, oftentimes shaped by a range of intervening factors such as history, identity, governance, regional politics and socio-economic trends. IISD has been working with conservation and development partners around the world in an effort to better understand these links and offer practical recommendations to conservationists dealing with conflict issues.
Protected areas and the security community (PDF - 130 kb)» Anne Hammill, 2006 Protected Areas are often situated in remote areas prone to conflict, but they can also make important contributions to peace. This paper draws from IISD's contribution to the World Parks Congress (September 2003, Durban), highlighting the different ways in which Protected Areas are linked to conflict and what this means for different members of the "security community."
Conflict-sensitive Conservation
Helping conservationists working in areas of recent or ongoing conflict to minimize risks and maximize peace-building opportunities.
Conservation in Times of Conflict
Examining the impact of armed conflict on environmental management activities and conservation organizations, as well as the role of Protected Areas during times of conflict.
Conservation in Post-conflict Settings
Promoting conservation strategies for livelihood generation and peace-building in post-conflict reconstruction.